Spring Break Begins

Owen and Ollie, originally uploaded by bill kralovec.

It was a fabulous day yesterday as we began our Spring Break! We have 12 days off of school. It felt like a long time since Ski Week, especially for me with the basketball season and the accreditation visit. We are staying in Belgrade for the time off and enjoying our new apartment and the spring weather.

The boys are shown above playing basketball. They love playing hoops and with the smaller ball, Oliver can make baskets. Besides playing a lot in the back yard, we did some shopping for more plants and did somethings around the house. I am growing flowers, herbs, and vegetables on our balconies.

We wrapped up the day with a great meal at the Sheher Restaurant (Park Cafe) with friends Claudiu, Vesna, Per, and Maria and families. It is located in our neighborhood and it has a big outside area for the kids to run around while the adults can socialize in peace. The food was delicious and a great ambiance outside on their patio. I highly recommend the place.

I’ll try to blog as much as I can for the holidays. Today we’ll begin dyeing the Easter eggs. We are trying to have a full Serbian Orthodox Easter this year.

Nadia with Tulips from Kalenić Pijaca

Rally to Call for Elections in Belgrade

Yesterday I registered for the Belgrade Marathon and happened to come by the rally of the Serbian Progressive Party to call for elections. The SNS (in Serbian – “Srpska Napredna Stranka) is a political party headed by Tomislav Nikolic. He broke way from the Serbian Radicals, a Nationalist party to form his own party. Nikolic feels that his party can win an election. Serbia has a parliamentary system and elections can be called at anytime. He feels so strongly that he can win that he went on a hunger strike. He was taken to the hospital today.

The standing president, Boris Tadic, went and spoke with him yesterday. He does not want to call for elections until Serbia is awarded European Union Candidate status.

I am not sure if Nikolic could win an election. He does have several things in his favor. The economy is very bad in Serbia, with high inflation and unemployment rates. In walking through the rally, most of the people seemed to be from outside of Belgrade. In the villages and outside of Belgrade, the economy is even worse, especially in southern and eastern Serbia. Elections during tough economic times usually means a change in government.

Nikolic has run for president on four occasions and lost every time. I think he feels that the time is now or never. We’ll see how this plays out. The rally was peaceful. It was a lot of speeches and music, with people standing around with flags. Many were walking around enjoying the sights of the big city. There were literally thousands of policemen on standby ready for violence. It must have cost the government a lot to pay all of those policemen overtime. The rally took place in front of the Serbian Parliament building which you can see in the background. The facade is undergoing restoration and it looks really nice.

We’ll see if the rally and hunger strike will force President Tadic to call elections. I don’t understand Serbian politics enough to comment on if he should or not. There is a lot of work to do to improve the Serbian economy. I don’t think either party can get it done.

Center for Cultural Decontamination

 

Friday night my school hosted an art exhibition in the Center for Cultural Decontamination (Centar Za Kulturna Dekontaminaciju). The CZKD is a private institution that was formed during the Wars of the Yugoslav Seccession in 1994. The purpose of the organization was to combat the xenophobia, hatred, and general chaos of the war years with the promoting of the fine arts and intellectual freedom. It was a very appropriate venue for the International School of Belgrade to host our IBO Visual Arts Exhibit. Our mission is to promote Open-Mindedness with our students. Many of our Serbian students are the future economic and social leaders of the nation. It also shows how far Serbia has come since those dark years. I thought the works of art were the best in my three years in attending the exhibition.

The CZKD has a great building and location. It is housed in renovated old warehouse that has a large gallery room, meeting rooms, and a quaint outdoor courtyard. It is next to the Italian Embassy a couple of blocks up the hill from Knez Milosa Street. In visiting their web site, I see that they have a full program of events. I put a permanent link in my cultural links column on the right side of the blog. I hope they have some English-language events.

The Bridges of Novi Sad

 

I took this photo of a part the infamous Liberty Bridge in Novi Sad (the second city of Serbia)  last month where I ran in their annual Half Marathon Run. The bridge was damaged in the 1999 NATO Bombing of Serbia. The big pictures (close up below) show what the bridge looked like after the bombing. On the left of the pictures, the graffiti says in Serbian Cyrillic, “Serbia Waits for Šešelj.” This is written most likely by the right-wing Serbian ultra nationalist party.  Vojislav Šešelj is the former Serbian Vice-President and University of Michigan professor who is on trial at the Hague for war crimes during the wars of Yugoslavian Secession in the 90’s. He is infamous for leading a paramilitary unit in Bosnia and Croatia that committed many atrocities. I am not sure how much of a role he had in these actions – he seems to be more of an intellectual type than a soldier.

The NATO bombing campaign from April 1 to April 26th took out the three bridges of Novi Sad. The city with the help of the EU rebuilt two of them. One can still see the pillars of the third bridge.

In My Neighborhood – Milosevic Residence – 15 Užička Street

I snapped this photo looking over the wall of a compound just down the street from our apartment. It was 12 years ago this month, that NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) was in the middle of bombing attacks in Serbia. The purpose of the bombing was to get the Serbian government to pull the military out of Kosovo. About a month into the bombing, NATO targeted the then president, Slobodan Milosevic’s home in the suburb of Dedinje. You can see the photo of the below of the residence from a BBC article from April 22, 1999.

Photo Courtesy of the BBC

I asked my friend why the government has not demolished or repaired the home. He replied that there is a large, unexploded Tomahawk missile buried in the center of the house. It is difficult to detonate safely. He said he saw it for himself. I don’t believe that there is still a missile there. If any of my readers can confirm or deny this, I would love to hear from you.

The NATO bombing raids lasted 78 days. NATO planes flew 37,465 “sorties” and attacked over 900 targets, many of them repeatedly. The raids did stop Milosevic and the JNA did pull out of Kosovo. Sadly, over 500 civilians died from the bombing in Serbia and Kosovo. It is horrible that in modern warfare, civilians die more than soldiers.

There are only a few buildings left that still show evidence from the bombing. It would be good to make this into a museum documenting the Milosevic years in power as Yugoslavia was breaking up. The grounds are large and there is another large building next to the residence that could be used.

This is one of the fascinating stories of the residences found in my neighborhood of Dedinje. I am frustrated that I don’t speak Serbian well enough to find out more information about most of the properties. There is also not much in English about Dedinje.

I would love to take a walk around inside the compound to see what it looks like up close.

Update (May 21, 2011) I found this article about the house that was written in the British newspaper, The Independent in 1999 by Robert Fisk.

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15 Uzicka Street: home to Tito and Milosevic, ‘legitimate’ target for Nato

Targets

Robert Fisk in Belgrade

Friday, 23 April 1999

 

SO NOW it’s a “command and control centre” is it? When I last walked through the door of Number 15 Uzicka Street – targeted by Nato in the early hours of yesterday morning – it contained a large desk, 14,000 books, some fine paintings by Sava Jovanovic and a brace of Persian carpets. It must have looked much the same when Her Majesty the Queen – our very own Elizabeth II – visited President Tito here.

And as it did when Winston Churchill and his son Randolph dropped by to see the Grand Old Man of Yugoslavia. Or when Nixon came to visit. And Lord Mountbatten. And U Thant, the former United Nations leader, and Nehru and Indira Gandhi and the queens of Holland, Belgium and the Netherlands.

The only thing which they assuredly were not shown – and to which even The Independent’s correspondent was refused admission to seven years ago – was Tito’s “Room of Ladies”, containing a series of nude statues and portraits of reclining girls which reflected the interests of the priapic old dictator.

Into this extraordinary shrine, we are now told, the Yugoslav regime had installed a command and control centre. Was this computerised “nerve centre” in the bedroom of the two-storey collonaded villa? Or next to the library where the works of Hegel nestled beside volumes of partisan- brigade history? Or in the old cinema where Tito enjoyed watching Richard Burton playing the role of – yes – Marshal Tito? Or near the flocks of wild birds shot by Tito and religiously stuffed for posterity? Or in the Room of Ladies? Or alongside the old boy’s desk, left as it was when Yugoslavia’s Titan left work for the last time for hospital and death?

Inevitably, President Slobodan Milosevic and his family had moved into Tito’s former residence a couple of years ago. And equally inevitably, Nato attacked it. The laser-guided bomb, dropped yesterday from a lone aircraft high over Belgrade, exploded in the bedroom.

And a few hours later, there was Ken Bacon in the Pentagon, wearing his familiar spokesman’s bow-tie, telling us it was “a command and control centre”. I can believe almost anything of this war. I have no doubt that Nato hates Mr Milosevic. I can see why. But this looked to me very much like an assassination attempt on a head of state.

Normally both Mr Milosevic and his wife, Mira Markovic – the professor of Marxism who wrote a very angry letter to Robin Cook, the Foreign Secretary, on Sunday – and their children, Marija and Marko, lived here, along with a one-and-a-half-year-old grandson, also Marko. But they were wise enough to stay away on Wednesday night; after all, Nato had fired cruise missiles into the headquarters of both Mr Milosevic’s and Ms Markovic’s political parties a few hours earlier. It clearly wasn’t a good night to spend in the old Tito villa, renovated in somewhat spectacular style by the Yugoslav President and his wife.

No one I spoke to yesterday knew what Mr Milosevic did with Tito’s desk or with the massive volume of snapshots I found in the house seven years ago with the soporific title National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia. Given the couple’s admiration for Tito, they must have been kept. But where? In the basement? And what happened to Sava Jovanovic’s Portrait of a Girl which once stared wistfully down on the library? Was it shredded by the bomb?

It was a strange, pompous, old house, built in the fashionable middle- class 1930s suburb of Dedinje, with big, square lawns and straight military paths through the trees. You could see how it appealed to General Lohr, commanding officer of the Wehrmacht’s Army Group E, who moved in during Germany’s wartime occupation (one of Lohr’s aides being a priggish young intelligence officer from Austria, a certain Oberlieutenant Kurt Waldheim who went on to become president of Austria in the 1980s.) And how it must have appealed to Tito when he moved in after the war.

One of his former secretaries had shown me round 15 Uzicka Street. By Tito’s desk, the hands of a clock were stopped at the minute of his death. But already, the government had been deconstructing the Tito myth, turning his 25 May Museum into an exhibition of Serbian military history with frightful photographs of old Serbian women being hanged by a grinning rabble of Austrian and Bulgarian soldiery. Dust sheets half covered the junk of admiration which Tito had collected: the hunting rifles from Churchill, Brezhnev and Zhukov, the diamond-studded ash-tray from Nasser, the coffee service from Saddam Hussein.

“They’re getting rid of things so fast these days,” the plump and elderly retainer had puffed as we entered the residence seven years ago. “Who knows what they will close next? We don’t even know how long this place will last. If Tito was alive today, he would not have believed what has happened.” Too true, I muttered to myself yesterday as I puffed my own way up the hill in the rain towards the old Tito museum that lies behind No 15.

The gardens were overgrown. The wet grass was conquering the concrete floor of the fountain. Graffiti was splashed over park benches and walls. At the door of the museum, I was met by a Serb policeman. “I am sorry, the museum is closed,” he said. And he shook his head in a weary, amused way when I asked if there was any chance of taking a look at what was left of No 15. If I wanted to find the secretary who had shown me round all those years ago, he added, I would have to remember her name and apply in writing to the authorities. Khaki figures in rain capes watched me from the trees.

The only head of state to be wounded in action during the Second World War was buried close to his residence and I asked the Serb policeman if I could take a peak at Tito’s tomb, just in case the concrete slab had cracked as the dictator – 19 years dead – turned in his grave. The policeman shook his head with a smile.

Nor could I find out if another tomb, the grave of Tito’s young partisan mistress that lay in the garden of No 15, survived the Nato bombing. For yesterday, the old man’s home was as broken as his dreams of brotherhood and unity. Heaven knows what happened to Nasser’s ashtray. Or Saddam Hussein’s coffee service. What on earth would Tito have made of Mr Bacon’s revelation of a “command and control centre”? Best not to imagine. Another army, half a century past, had tried to assassinate Tito. And the clock stopped here a long time ago.

Serbia and Libya

A couple of years ago I was visiting Tito’s Museum here in Belgrade and I snapped this photo while taking the tour. There was an exhibition of Tito’s love of hunting. The exhibit had hundreds of weapons and videos and photos of Tito and his buddies, hunting and enjoying the outdoors. One of the photos (above) showed Libyan leader, Muammar Gaddafi, checking out one of Tito’s pieces.

Tito died 30 years ago, but the then young man Gaddafi, is still in power. He is certainly in great peril of losing his grip on Libya and is in the news quite often recently. Tito founded the non-aligned nations movement which Libya was a part of. Today the countries still have a good relationship. I met a bunch of young Libyans a few months ago at the Delta City Mall. These girls are studying at the University of Belgrade. They were nice and surprised that I knew the capital of Libya and a bit about the history of the country. They mentioned they didn’t like the cold weather of Belgrade.

I wonder what Muammar has to say about his visit to Yugoslavia captured in the photo above.

Serbia 911 (or should I say 94)

 

This weekend I took a refresher course in first aid and CPR with a group of colleagues from the school. Our school physician, Dr. Lilly, brought us down to the City Institute for Emergency Medical Aid (Gradski Zavod Za Hitnu Medicinsku Pomoć 94). As you can see, the building is a bit run down, but it has a fleet of around 100 ambulances with a staff of paramedics, nurses, and doctors on call. The “911” number here in Belgrade “94” which you can see in the title of the Institute. I also learned that “92” is the police department and “93” is the fire department. And “95” is to get the time, which in the age of cell phones is a relic. I remember growing up, my brothers and I thought it was the coolest thing to call the automated time “8212” in my village of Michigan. I don’t want to give this number to the kids yet, because they will be calling it all the time.

A "Yugo" Emergency Medicine Vehicle

 They even had a couple Zastava vehicles as you can see in the photo above. The Zastava company is the Fiat/Yugoslavia(Serbian) company most famous in the US for producing the Yugo back in the 1980’s. You still see a lot of Zastava cars here in Belgrade and people make a lot of jokes about them. I could do a bunch of blog posts on the beloved Yugo and the other cars from the Communist Era.

It was a good course to do because I haven’t done one in about 10 years. The CPR rhythm has changed from 15 pumps / 2 breaths to 30 pumps / 2 breaths. I also learned how to use a defibrillator and the importance that all schools should have one handy, although they are expensive. We also reviewed what to do in a variety of emergency situations and we all earned a certificate after the class. I would like to thank Lilly and the team at the Institute for giving the course. I also learned some Serbian phrases “Ne diše” (He/She is not breathing.) and “bez svesti” (without consciousnessto help me with the 94 call. I’ll go over the numbers with my family so everyone knows. Hopefully we’ll never have to use it, but it is good to know.

Disappearance of Heroes

 

Serbian documentary film director, Ivan Mandić worked with our Design and Technology students last week at the high school. Mandic and our Design Teacher, Dr. Gordetsky, taught the students animation with clay to produce short digital films. I’ll be posting some of their work on the school’s web site later. Ivan is shown above with the grade 9 students.

Mandic’s most famous documentary film is called “Disappearance of Heroes” and it is about the renaming of the streets here in Belgrade. After World War II, Tito and the Partisans changed the names of many of the streets in the city. In the past few years, the city formed a commission to look into revising the names of streets. They wanted to get rid of much of these Communist inspired name changes as well as correct redundancies and put a general order into the naming system. Mandic takes the human side of this work, interviewing members of the commission and the relatives of the Communist heroes who lost the honor of having a street named after them. Mandic also gives the historical background of the war which I really appreciated. It was the first time I saw Tito’s speeches and the baton celebrations of socialism in Yugoslavia.

As I live in Serbia longer, I am realizing the impact of the conflict between the Partisans (Communisists) and the Chetniks (Serbian Royalists) and its effects even today. I’m reminded of the maxim that history is written by the victors. I wonder what Serbia would have been like today if the Chetniks and Draža Mihailojvic would have taken power instead of the Partisans. This is an idea I will be further pursuing as I learn more about Serbia.

I would like to thank Ivan for coming to our school and donating the DVD of his film to our school’s library. I really enjoyed it and learned a lot. He has subtitles in English, French, Spanish, and German. It will be available for check out after the Ski Week holiday.

Single Parenthood Continues

The Kids Interpret the Works of Travanov

Nadia’s flight was delayed coming out of Dubai yesterday. She was forced to spend the night in Istanbul and she will be coming back today in the afternoon. We were all disappointed not to see her on Valentine’s Day.

What to do with young children in miserable weather conditions? Temperatures are hovering around freezing and Belgrade is at its ugliest in February. There are only patches of snow, brown grass, mud and water everywhere make it difficult to do anything with my kids outside. After running some errands in the morning, I took them to the Salon of the Museum of Contemporary Art of Belgrade. There is an exhibition by Belgrade artist Srba Travanov showing this month. As you can see if you follow the links provided, the guy looks like your typical European Av ant Gard artist. It reminds me of the Saturday Night Live parodies by Mike Myer, playing the character Dieter. The boys enjoyed the exhibition. They are very interested in form and function and for each piece, they made up what it would do. Travanov took old technological tools (typewriters, manual oil pumps, pencil sharpeners and made works of art out of them. He is also into the old petroleum derricks. His interview on the museum’s website is hilarious.

It is called the “salon” – room, because the museum does have a beautiful entire building in New Belgrade that can hold up to 5,000 pieces of art. Unfortunately, it has been closed for “renovation” since I arrived three years ago. Can someone put some money into the place to get it done. It would be good for the cultural life of the city as well as another tourist attraction. I wonder what the politics or economics are behind the scenes of this museum.

In the afternoon we did the Delta City Megamarathon. Delta City is one of the large shopping malls in the city. We did bowling, movie (Disney’s Rapunzel “Tangled”, which was excellent by the way in the classic Disney way), and food court. After a bath and reading books, they all kissed me good night and went to bed. Once again, an amazing day with my children. They are my Austrian Alps for this Ski Week holiday.

 

 

 

 

Visit to Mount Avala

 

Yesterday we visited Avala, a mountain located in the outskirts of Belgrade. It is about 1,600 feet (500 meters) high and it is the highest point of the forested Šumadija region just south of the city. Because of its height, it has always been a strategic point and people naturally gravitated to it. Both the Romans and the Turks established fortresses there. The Serbian royal family and government also used the area through the years for various activities, like hiking, hotel, children’s clean air refuge, communications towers, etc.

Today it is still a preserved area with some interested things to see. The photo above is taken from the top of the newly completed tower. On April 29, 1999, NATO destroyed the tower as part of their attacks on the Milosevic-led Yugoslavian government. The purpose was hinder Milosevic’s use of the media, as the tower was used to broadcast the national television station. It didn’t stop the broadcast however because the station was broadcasted through many different stations. A big waste of money! Not only in the bombing raid, but also in the fundraising for construction of the new tower.

The kids were excited to go up to the top. Ocean was most enthused about handing the ticket to the lady at the elevator. The views over Šumadija were impressive. There is supposed to be a restaurant on the top but it was not open I guess. The attendant told me that between 500 and 2,500 people a day visit the tower.

I was annoyed to learn that the big monument on the mountain to the Unknown Soldier, built after World War I, was put over the ruins of a Turkish fortress. The strategic mountain must be rich in archeological history, but this has not been studied or developed. The medieval Serbs called the fortified city on top Žrnov. It was later taken over by the Turks. The Ottoman general, Gazi Porča, renamed it Havala, meaning obstacle or barrier. I guess it was a barrier against tribes from the south heading into Belgrade. Below is a picture I found in the Wikicommons of the remains of his fort. The monument is beautiful, but they could have preserved and improved the fortress AND build a monument. I would have preferred a center for Ottoman and Roman studies with the sites excavated, rather than monument.

Zrnov Fortress
Oliver In Front of the Tower

There are a couple of other monuments on the mountain. One is dedicated to the Soviet military. A plane crashed in 1964 full of World War II veterans. They were going to Belgrade’s 20th anniversary of its liberation from the Germans. I want to see the Memorial Gardens in the nearby village of Jajinci. The Nazis used the area as a “killing fields” and over 80,000 Yugoslav were executed and/or buried there.

We got some popcorn and played “hide-and-seek” in the gardens around the monument. As we climbed on the monument, the marble is chipped in places. Owen was fascinated to learn that it was from flying shrapnel from NATO bombing raid 11 years ago. The kids slept in the car on the way home. It makes a good day trip any time of the year. We’ve gone several times and the kids always enjoy it.

I completed my second full day as a single dad. Nadia gets home today and we’ll head out to the airport this afternoon to pick her up. After Avala, I did some shopping while the kids slept in the car and we hung out at home. We have a sauna and hot tub in our apartment building. The steamy sauna was refreshing way to brighten up a cold February night.